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What is the working principle of the autopilot system?

PID CONTROL

The output of the three controls is combined and the net resultant drives the rudder. This type of autopilot is also called as PID Auto Pilot.

       A Proportional–Integral–Derivative Controller (PID controller) is a control loop feedback mechanism (controller) commonly used in industrial control systems. A PID controller continuously calculates an error value as the difference between a desired set point and a measured process variable. The controller attempts to minimize the error over time by adjustment of a control variable, such as the position of a control valve, a damper, or the power supply.

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