What are tests in welding ?

• Face-bend specimens,
• Root-bend specimens, and
• Side-bend specimens.

The bend tests include the roller bend test, guide bend test, and free bend test.

3. Impact test

Metals may be fractured in the ductile mode or brittle mode depending on the environment where the metals are loaded. The fracture of a metal with plastic deformation in standard tensile testing and slow bend testing is considered ductile fracture.

Ductile metals (as judged by tensile or bend tests), however, may fracture with little or no plastic deformation, when subjected to critical testing or service conditions.

This type of fracture is considered brittle fracture. The critical conditions depend on the fracture toughness of the metal. The brittle fracture is considered more dangerous because a high-velocity failure takes place in steel structures.

Three factors markedly influence the brittle fracture behavior of a metal; namely,