What are maintenance carried out of Mooring Equipments ?

Make Checks Prior Mooring – After an extended sea passage or a passage undertaken in heavy seas and prior to mooring operation, ensure to check the following –

1. Any physical damages to the mooring mechanism.
2. All controls, linkages and the operating levers are well oiled, greased and free/ easy to use.
3. Ensure that all the brake drums and linings are suitably dried and clean of salt deposits.

Do Frequent Greasing of Moving Parts – All rotating parts of the mooring equipment, which would include rollers, fairleads, winch drums, deck stands etc. must be moved and lubricated on a frequent basis. Multipurpose grease is the best lubricant for such applications (check the vessel’s lubricating chart for the right application).

Normally, high pressure grease guns are used for this kind of work.

Particular attention must be given to the roller fairleads and deck stands as these often suffer from little use and thereby are neglected.

Rollers should turn smoothly and must be checked for integrity as corrosion may have weakened them.

Tip – Always check the grease nipples before application and make sure the nipples are free of rust, salt and grit. Change the nipples if necessary.

Check Brake Liners – Regular inspections must be made of the winch / windlass brake linings for wear and tear. Oil, heavy rust and moisture on the brake linings or the drums could seriously reduce the brake holding capacity of the winch and in some cases as much by 75%. To remove the moisture in the linings, apply the brakes lightly while running the winch (remember to avoid excessive wear and tear during this operation). Oil has the tendency to get impregnated into the lining itself which is difficult to remove. Thus the only option would be to change the lining as early as possible. Remember that the brake holding capacity of the winch is dependent upon the type of mooring pattern used.

Check Break Drums – Whenever brakes are opened up for any reason, ensure that the brake drum is thoroughly checked / examined for build up of rust or other worn out brake material. The part to be de-scaled and fitted with the replacement as required.

Check Brake Linkages – The brake linkages should be checked for free movement. If the linkages are not free then there would be a loss of brake holding capacity.

This would create a wrong impression to the operator that the brake has been applied fully, but in fact has not or the brake mechanism is hardened up from lever bars ,which have a tendency to build up high stresses on some mechanical parts of the brakes.

Inspect Gear / Hydraulic Oil – Inspect the gear oil regularly through the inspection cover in the winch / windlass. Whitish color of the liquid means the liquid is contaminated and requires to be changed immediately. Use the replacement oil that is recommended by the manufacturers.

Carry Out Regular Visual Inspection – Ensure that regular inspection of the synthetic mooring hawsers, heaving lines, messenger ropes, etc. is carried out for damages, chafed areas, kinks and loose ends.

Also make sure that each mooring rope carries a certificate from the manufacturer. Additionally, check that the ID number of each certificate is conspicuously marked / embossed on an identification plate and subsequently attached to the end of the corresponding mooring hawser.

If the hawser is not supplied with the certificate, then the vessel has all the right to reject such a supply and inform the office / purchasing department.

Clear Walkway – An important part of the mooring operation is to have the deck completely free of obstructions and oily residues. Therefore, it is essential to keep the decks clean, dry and if possible have anti-slip paint coatings over the deck surface, as and how required. Often there have been cases where the support brackets for the gratings (for winch operation) have been found neglected and therefore are heavily corroded making the area most unsafe to step on.

Officers should include such neglected yet critical areas for planned maintenance in order to prevent an unforeseen event when least expected.

Do Proper Marking and Labeling – Marking the mooring equipment is another important aspect for a safe and effective operation. The ship’s officers should ensure that the bollards, fairleads, rollers, etc. are marked with their safe working limits.

Additionally, the winches and windlass shall be marked for rotating direction of the drums (render / heave), braking capacity, test dates and ID numbers of the equipment subsequent to the certificates carried onboard.

Maintenance of Steel Wire Mooring Ropes – It is essential to grease and lubricate the steel wire mooring ropes at regular intervals as rust will reduce the strength of the wire in a very short period of time. Lubricating such ropes require special grease, normally oil based compounds. An effective greasing is carried out by removing the entire wire out of its stowed position and applying the lubricant generously throughout the length of the rope.

It is also important to note that the wire should be turned end to end regularly to reduce wear and prevent corrosion.

Visual inspections are equally important and should be carried out regularly with special attention to areas with dark patches. Any wire shall be replaced if it is damaged to the extent that more than 10% of the visible strands in a length of a wire equal to 8 diameters are broken.