PIPELINES
Charged petroleum flows through Jump Hoses – rubber flexible pipeline at initial/final stages of travel. The charge present in the liquid is picked up by the metal flanges which are normally in contact with the liquid therefore a dangerous voltage may accumulate on the exterior of the flange.
WATER IN PETROLEUM LIQUID
When water droplets settle through a depth of petroleum in a tank then it causes seperation of the two charge layers.such charging will continue throughout the period of water settlement and therefore may persist long after pumping into the tank has stopped.
TANK CLEANING, GAS FREEING
Water droplets issuing at high velocity with a jet of wet steam can become charged by contact with the nozzle through which the jet is issuing, this gives rise to a charged mist in the tank any unbonded conductor in the tank may accumulate electrostatic charge by settlement of the mist upon it.
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